Showing posts with label Bicycling. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Bicycling. Show all posts

Tuesday, September 3, 2024

Transforming a Derelict Garage into a Bicycle Workshop

Old and Renewed Garage

This garage had seen better days.

This garage was built in the 1940s for a smaller generation of cars. It was tilting to one side badly.  The interior was covered in cobwebs and mud tunnels from past termite damage. The studs and bottom plate were rotted from standing in water. The concrete slab did not have cracks, but it was sinking under the building’s weight.  Every time it rained the water would gush in from the alley covering the cement floor with a slimy layer of grime. 

Old Garage and New Bicycle Workshop
The Garage Interior Before and After the Project.
(Photo: Doug Barnes 2024)

For years my wife Mary Ann and I had been hoping a tree limb would fall on it so we could get a little insurance money for it. 

Mary Ann quipped, “You just wait.  Once we get this garage fixed up, a limb will fall on it.”  I could not disagree with this foreboding comment, but I didn’t believe it would happen. The garage had withstood 80 years without such a mishap, so the odds were against it happening any time soon. 

From Idea to Reality

The idea of using our rickety garage as a bicycle workshop had been percolating for years. However, the task of fixing up the old garage seemed daunting. Not only was it old, leaning, and full of spiders, but it also would need significant structural repair to make it a decent year-round workspace. If the garage was to be renewed, the flooding every time it rained also would have to be fixed.

I felt certain Mary Ann would think turning the garage into a bicycle workshop was a zany idea.

Still, I pleaded my case., “My bicycle repair tools are scattered over every corner of the basement. Why don’t we turn our useless garage into a bicycle workshop.”

She knew this was true. The wheel truing stand was in one corner. Bicycles hung from the ceiling in the opposite corner. The bicycle repair stand--a trusty 30-year-old Park Tool (PRS 3) relic (that still works fantastically) --was surrounded on all sides by bikes, pegboard and shelves. I could barely walk around bikes without knocking my head. 

Bike on Repair Stand in Basement
The Basement Bicycle Workspace Before the Garage Project.
(Photo: Doug Barnes 2024)

We also are in our 70s and the passage of years had made it difficult to get bicycles up and down the basement stairs. We hired a contractor named Pete Ganginis to replace the old stairs to make them easier to navigate. He measured them and found that they were both steep and uneven. Pete agreed with us that the stairs were an accident waiting to happen.

Pete Ganginis is an excellent contractor who has worked for us for years. He had done almost every major house remodeling project for us. This included constructing a major family room addition, renewing our master bathroom, and adding a deck with a roof.

After replacing the stairs, Pete designed an ingenious two-stage ramp for getting the bikes up and down them. This got the job done. However, it still required two people to perform an awkward dance getting the bikes into the basement. Also, keeping the workshop in the basement meant it would still be cluttered with bicycles, tools, and spare parts.

The Ramp from the First Floor to the Basement.
(Photo: Doug Barnes 2024)

Mary Ann said, “Why don’t we give Pete a call to see if making over the garage is even feasible. He may take one look at it and say, are you kidding me?”

We contacted Pete to get his assessment of whether the idea of transforming our derelict garage was a pipe dream. We were prepared for him to tell us that it was a crazy idea.

Pete’s wife Joanne contacted us. To our surprise, she said, “Making over a garage is a high-value project. Pete does these projects all the time. People often set up garages as a work-from-home office space. For the investment to pay off, it must be done right.”

Tearing down the old garage was also an option. The next time we saw Pete we asked him about renewing the old garage versus tearing it down and rebuilding.

Pete said, “I can do either one, but I recommend updating the old garage. I like restoring old garages because they reflect the character of the neighborhood. I have done a lot of these, and restoring the garage will look better than you think.”

That was music to our ears. We decided to move forward and never looked back.

The Garage Renewal

Once we had removed the wood, lawnmower, and tools from the garage, Pete was ready to start. Pete first reinforced all the clapped-out exposed studs with 2 by 6 framing. This permitted the use of R20 insulation in the walls. He also installed a new ridge beam. Then the old roof cross members were removed, and he elevated the ceiling. An old window was transformed into an opening for a new garage door.

Garage Framing and the Raised Elevation Over Old Rotted Wall Plate.
(Photo: Doug Barnes 2024)

After reinforcing the entire structure, he took on the risky task of raising and leveling the entire garage. With straps and 2 by 4s holding the garage frame intact, he used bottle jacks to raise the whole garage.

As Pete was raising the whole structure, I poked my head in the garage and said, “Pete, that looks dangerous.”

He replied, “It is dangerous!”

The garage was levitating 8 inches over the ground as if being held aloft by some magical force.

The concrete truck rolled in loudly with a vroom-vroom. Gravel and cement were sloshing and clanging on the side of a rotating concrete mixer barrel, a rhythmic, scratchy sound. The truck backed up to the garage and began to pour the concrete.

Concrete mixer in front of garage
The Cement Truck Pouring the Concrete Floor.
(Photo: Doug Barnes 2024)

Pete had already prepared the floor for the new concrete. He had put in reinforcement bars and 6 new posts to provide firm support for the new concrete floor. After a while, the concrete mixer truck took off with a puff of blue smoke and disappeared from sight.

Pete’s crew had been ready and waiting. They quickly spread the concrete before it set up. Standing in the wet concrete in rubber boots, they began raking, smoothing, and finishing the work.

New garage concrete floor and studs
The Finished Concrete Floor.
(Photo: Doug Barnes 2024)

Once finished, they put up tape so we would not foolishly walk on the concrete before it was set. It was finished on a Friday and because of a holiday, it had 3 days to cure. It would take 30 days for it to fully cure, but the surface was hard and walkable after 3 days. The floor was 8 inches thick and went right to the bottom floor plates of the jacked-up house.

On Tuesday, the strapping holding the garage upright was removed. Pete very carefully lowered the whole structure and bolted the building to the new concrete floor. The garage was now standing tall, level, and proud. We were astonished it didn’t fall over in a heap.

The potential bicycle workshop began to shine through the exposed studs and concrete floor. The electrician used a trench dug by Pete’s crew to extend an electricity line to the old garage. He put in lines, light boxes, receptacles, and an outdoor light. He also installed a 220-volt line to the location of the future mini-split system which would heat and cool the garage.

After this, the HVAC team installed the Carrier mini-split heat pump to cool and heat the space to a comfortable temperature. They put the line set for the mini-split system inside the framing so that it would not show in the finished interior. They would have to return to install the actual unit after the walls were finished.

Carrier indoor and outdoor mini split system
Inside and Outside View of Mini-Split Carrier Heat Pump.
(Photo: Doug Barnes 2024)

Now the garage was ready for the finishing touches. Drywall was installed. Windows were put in place. The exterior was meticulously sanded removing 25 years of old paint residue. Then along with the interior, it was painted a greyish white. The old roof was replaced with new shingles.

New Dry Wall and Electrical Work
The Drywall before Painting and one of the Electric Outlets.
(Photo: Doug Barnes 2024)

In keeping the neighborhood alley, the garage door was fixed in place on the alley side of the garage to make it look like it could be opened. This of course was not true because Pete built a framed wall behind the old garage door so it could be insulated. He replaced the old single-pane glass with double-pane to make it more energy efficient.

A new door was installed in place of the old small window which had been facing the house. A laminate oak floor was laid as a finishing touch. 

Like a phoenix, the old garage arose from the ashes of its old self and looks beautiful.

The Bicycle Workshop

My existing bicycle workshop is spread throughout the basement. To put it mildly, this drove Mary Ann crazy. However, she also rides a bike and benefits from both major and minor repairs.

Mary Ann puts up with--but does not like--having a wheel truing stand in one corner, a tire changing station on the dryer, a repair stand in another corner, and bikes hanging from the ceiling. A 1966 Raleigh Sport and Mary Ann’s old road bike--which I am turning into an urban bike--are awaiting repair on the floor. She is ready for the bikes and associated repair paraphernalia to be moved out of the basement.

The first thing to be done in the new bicycle garage is to assemble a 6-foot-wide Husky workbench. It will be placed below the new windows. Sitting on the floor, Mary Ann and I fasten over 40 screws and bolts. I am impressed with the quality of the workbench, which is heavy and sturdy.

New Husky Work Bench under Window
The Seventy-Two Inch Husky Workbench and the Painted Walls.
(Photo: Doug Barnes 2024)

Now, the finishing touch is to put two long drawers into the workbench for easy access to bicycle tools. On the first attempt, we slid the door into place. It was very easy. Then we tried to push in the drawer and it would not close. We took the drawer out several times and tried again with the same result.

I studied the design of the rails that hold the drawer in place. I saw the key was to not only thread the drawer into the end of the rails but also through the ball-bearing race that was inside the rails. I did this carefully hoping for the best. Viola! It worked like a charm. After much sweating and cursing, the drawer was in place. What was supposed to be a simple task took 2 hours to complete.

The next job was to move my 25-year-old Park Tool bicycle stand (PRS-3) into the garage. For this job, I recruited our neighbor Tom who was gracious enough to help out with the heavy lifting. This stand has an 80-pound steel plate on the bottom, and it was impossible to move it up the steep basement stairs in one piece. I had the idea of making it simpler by detaching the plate from the vertical stand.

I said to Tom, “It should be easy. It’s just 4 bolts.”

Tom replied, “I should be able to carry it up the steps once the top is removed.”

The lesson I have learned over the years is that easy jobs often turn out to be the hardest ones. The job started well. The stand was removed from the basement. It was a piece of cake to move both the upper stand and lower plate to a proper position in the garage.

Wrestling the steel plate and the upper part of the stand, I was surprised that the screw holes in the upper stand would not align with the holes in the heavy plate. I had just removed them, so I knew they had to fit. After over an hour of awkwardly propping up both the stand and the plate (#130 Repair Stand Base), we were just about ready to give up.

Park Tool PRS-3 Work Stand
The 25-Year-Old Park Tool PRS-3 Logo and Bottom Steel Plate.
(Photo: Doug Barnes 2024)

I said to Tom, “I don’t know what is going wrong. Let’s call it a day and come back tomorrow for a fresh start.

Mary Ann impatiently looked at both of us. She wanted to get this job done today.

She said, “Why don’t you just remove the top part of the stand. It will make it easier to line up the bottom with the steel plate.”

“Okay. Let’s give it one last try today.”

We took off the top part of the stand and we finally were able to line up the holes. I discovered that what I thought was a square bracket on the bottom of the vertical stand actually was slightly rectangular. I turned the upper part of the stand 90 degrees and bolted the steel plate to the lower stand. We then reattached the upper stand and called it a day. After two hours of exasperation, the “easy job” was completed!

1977 Bicycle in Park Tool Work Stand
The 25-Year-Old Park Tool PRS-3 Workstand Holding 1976 Sekai Competition Bichcle.
(Photo: Doug Barnes 2024)

The next day we tested out a Topeak Swing Up EX bicycle holder for hanging bicycles on the wall. It worked perfectly. The bicycles easily can be swung side-to-side freeing up space in the garage. It also looks quite nice and gives the garage a bicycle vibe. The price for Topeak is a bit high compared to other brands on the market. I haven't tried them, so all I can say is the Topeak works extremely well.

Bicycle hanging on wall
Testing the TOPEAK Ex Swing-Up Wall Hook System.
(Photo: Doug Barnes 2024)

My next job is to sort out my extensive collection of tools. I will leave some in the basement and place others in the new bicycle repair garage. These will be hung on the pegboard above the workbench and to the side of the bicycle repair stand. I have not started repairing bicycles in the garage yet, but that will come with time.

The finished bicycle Workshop in an old garage
The Finished Renewed Garage and Bicycle Workshop.
(Photo: Doug Barnes 2024)

Finally, a flagstone patio was installed in front of the new door. This serves the dual purpose of tracking less mud into the new garage and providing an attractive new space that can be seen from the house.

We were totally amazed that Pete could transform a clapped-out, spider-filled garage into a beautiful, livable workspace. There is still much to be done, but we are happy with the outcome.

The Renewed Garage at Night with Flagstone Patio.
(Photo: Doug Barnes 2024)

Afterword

Mary Ann came upstairs to my office and said, “You aren’t going to believe this. A couple of tree limbs are in our backyard and they appear to have fallen on our new garage.”

Mary Ann’s foreboding thoughts had come true. A quick thunderstorm dropped not one, but two large limbs on the roof of the garage just 3 weeks after the makeover was finished. The new framing had stiffened the structure and limbs slid off the roof harmlessly. The only damage I could see was a bent gutter. The prophecy of Mary Ann had come true. Two tree limbs had fallen on the renewed garage.

I will be posting another blog on setting up the space with both pegboard and tools.

Thursday, February 2, 2023

Raise Your Handlebars to Avoid Shoulder, Neck, and Back Soreness

When volunteering as a bicycle mechanic, I hear a common complaint. “My shoulders, neck, and back hurt when I ride my bike.” This is followed by a question, “Is it possible to raise my handlebars?”

Poorly fitting bicycles do produce aches in the neck, back, arms, and hands. This problem is becoming more common as a result of the increasing prevalence of buying a “bike in a box” over the internet or picking up a bike at Walmart. People without any mechanical experience have to assemble their internet bicycles. In such cases, seats are often too high or too low. Front stems are too long or too short. I have talked to several people about brakes that aren’t working properly because the forks have been installed backward.

The reality is that many variables can cause riders to have sore hands, shoulders, and backs.  These include the height, location, and angle of the seat, the length of the top tube, the type of stem, and the style of suspension. It should also be remembered that parts of the body carry the weight of a bicycle rider. They include your feet, your bottom, and your hands. Any adjustment in the handlebar height will inevitably shift the weight between these body parts and perhaps require muscles to pick up the slack.

A couple of things are important to remember when considering adjusting the height of the handlebars or purchasing a bike with high handlebars. The first issue is that raising handlebars generally puts more pressure on your seat. This is the reason you see beach cruisers with thick rubber pads on the seats. Low handlebars also may increase pressure on your hands, shoulders, and neck.

Low handlebars may not cause problems for younger riders who can use their back muscles to lift their torso so that only light pressure is on their hands. The back also will be more angled or perhaps even curved for bikes with lower handlebars. This is fine for young adults who want to cut down wind resistance because they have the requisite strength and flexibility in their backs. However, this can be a problem for older adults with weaker muscles and less resilient disks between their back vertebrae.

The second issue is that raising the handlebars can mean that the cables connected to the brakes or gear shifters may have to be replaced with longer ones. This can complicate and increase the expense of adjusting the height of the handlebars. Each individual bike must be examined to see if the handlebars can be raised without the extensive work of replacing the brake and gear cables.

For each individual, there is a position that is just right for putting the proper amount of pressure on the feet, seat, and hands. The hands should carry very little or even minimal amounts of the distributed weight on the bicycle. The hands should be used for guiding the bicycle rather than carrying any of the load. Finding the right position can be a matter of trial and error. For younger people that are more flexible, getting the handlebar and seat position just right is not as critical compared to older riders. But even for younger adults, getting the right height and reach for their type of riding can mean the difference between pleasant and unpleasant rides and the ability to ride longer distances.

Friday, November 30, 2018

A Short History of the Birth of Bicycling

Cartoon of Velocipede Cycling Class, NYC 1869
Figure 1. Cartoon of a Velocipede Riding School in New York, 1869
(Source: Harpers Weekly 1869)

The adults in the bicycle riding class wobbled, crashed and generally felt out of control. Due to a new-fangled invention called the velocipede, in the late 1860s a host of new classes sprang up to teach adults how to ride a bicycle (figure 1). Mastering the awkward, heavy riding machines required the novel ability to balance on two wheels. It was a new experience for those who generally walked, rode horses or moved about in carriages.

Wednesday, October 31, 2018

The Thrill of the Mountain: Bicycling Down Chestnut Ridge

Sign along roadside on top of mountain
Truck Warning Sign Atop Chestnut Ridge near Uniontown, Pa
(Photo: Doug Barnes)
In the 1970s my friend Dave and I were both new to road cycling. During one summer, several times a week we “pumped the mountain” on our new bikes. The mountain in question is what locals call "Three-Mile Hill." It’s hardly a hill.

At the top of Chestnut Ridge, Dave and I are sitting on the deck of the Summit Inn and resting from our climb up the mountain. The Summit Inn is a historic “porch” hotel that dates back to 1907. It sits atop the most western edge of the Allegheny Mountains near Uniontown, Pennsylvania. It sometimes is covered in clouds, but this day the weather is clear. Dave and I have a great view of the foothills below.

Wednesday, September 26, 2018

The Story of my 1976 Sekai Competition Bicycle

1976 Sekai Front Bicycle Headbadge
1976 Sekai Front Headbadge
(Photo: Doug Barnes)
The US in 1977 has its largest trade deficit in recent history (Lawrence, 1978). Asian and European companies are making inroads into US markets with sales of less expensive or higher quality products. Fears abound that this will hurt the US economy. Sound familiar?

Trade concerns also were felt in the booming bicycle industry during the early 1970s. Consumers began turning away from American-made bicycles such as Schwinn and began favoring brands from Europe including Raleigh, Peugeot and Motobecane. This all changed in the mid-1970s as Japanese companies began taking advantage of their low-cost and high-quality manufacturing facilities to penetrate US markets (Brown n.d.).

Even companies like Schwinn got into the act, importing bicycles from Japan and relabeling them as “Schwinn Quality.” The World Sport and Le Tour models introduced by Schwinn in 1972 were made exclusively in Japan (Crown and Coleman 1996). This was paralleled by the emergence of high-quality component manufacturers including Sun Tour, Araya and Shimano. The Japanese bicycle invasion was in full swing.

Tuesday, August 28, 2018

Five Bicycle Hardware Tips for Older Riders

Two older bicyclsts on bicycle trail in Venice Florida
Older Bicyclists on Legacy Trail in Venice, Florida.
(Photo: Doug Barnes)
It’s not uncommon to see a 50- or 60- or even 70-year-old riders hunched over bicycles that look like they belong in the Tour de France. Those bikes are designed to reduce air resistance by bending the body into the shape of pretzel. I am sure it is thrilling to go fast on such bikes, but for the average older rider, it’s a very uncomfortable position. The back gets sore, the hands go numb and the knees complain. There is a better way.

Tips for younger bike riders are frequent in magazines and on websites. Advice for the older bicyclists is uncommon, despite the fact that some people ride well into their 70s and 80s. Even young riders eventually grow old facing problems such as sore backs and swollen knees. To continue enjoying riding what I call the "Happiness Machine," older riders need to forget advice geared towards younger enthusiasts and bicycle racing. To compensate for the stiffness and inevitable consequences of aging, older riders can make some sensible changes to both bikes and riding techniques.

Saturday, June 16, 2018

How Bicycle Coaster Brakes Work

1960s coaster brake service manual cover.
I can see a puzzled look suddenly come over the young woman’s face as she picks out a cruiser bicycle to ride at the C and O Canal Bicycle Loan program at Great Falls, Maryland. She sheepishly asks, “Where are the brakes?”

“Just pedal backwards. The bike has coaster brakes.” This information doesn’t quite compute.

“Pedal backwards. Really?”

“Try it out. People have been riding bicycles with coaster brakes without a problem for more than 100 years. The one on this bike is a Bendix Coaster brake that was popular in the 1960s.”

The forty or fifty year old bike she is going to ride is Columbia bicycle that is very popular in the program. The brake is a Bendix Model 70. Bendix began manufacturing coaster brakes in 1924 after deciding to diversify from its car parts business and to start producing bicycle components. The company produced bike parts until the demise of its bicycle division in the 1980s. During the 1950s and 1960s Bendix coaster brakes were quite common on Schwinn, Columbia and many other major bicycle brands.

Friday, May 25, 2018

A Short History of the Bicycle Coaster Brake

The coaster brake has been in constant use on bicycles for over a century, but it seems to get no respect. Compared to other bicycle components such as wheels, derailleurs, shifters, rims or tires, the bicycling community does not pay much attention to coaster brakes. The probable reason is that they are found mostly on low-cost bicycles. Despite this lack of respect, coaster brakes are still sold in high volumes in the USA and throughout the world. In addition, they were a key invention during the 1890s, an era when innovations defined the modern bicycle.

Saturday, March 3, 2018

Measuring the Business Benefits of New, Improved or Extended Bicycle Trails


The value of new bicycle trails is often underestimated in terms of overall benefits, but this is particularly true for business generation. The lack of admission fees to directly measure the willingness to pay for new or improved trails means that it is not easy to measure business benefits of such trails. This is not a new issue and parallel difficulties in valuing public parks and other community venues. Standard techniques have been developed for measuring the willingness to pay for the benefits of public trails and greenspace (McConnell and Walls 2006; Krizek 2006). Although there are established ways to measure general benefits such as increase in home value, the measurement of benefits for local businesses has been less common. This article concentrates on ways to measure the business benefits of trails or trail improvements.

Saturday, January 27, 2018

Renewing a 1976 Motobecane Grand Jubile

Road Bike on plain background

I have my doubts. I am looking at a vintage 21 inch Motobecane Grande Jubile bicycle. The former owner had saved it from the junk pile especially for me. He says, “Doug, do you want to take this on as a project. I don’t know much about it. What do you think?”

The silver and red two-wheeler is leaning against a shed. The first impression is not a good one. The bike is covered in grime from years of sitting in a garage. This bike has the look of an over-powdered aging French Madame, down on her luck. The silver frame is covered with years of garage brown dirt hiding the imperfections of aging. The thin 27 by 1/8 inch tires are cracked and sagging. The rubber brake hoods are marbleized and wrinkled. The formerly bright ruby red cables have faded to an austere, dark maroon brown and are frayed at the bends. At first glance I balk at the thought of renewing this bicycle, considering it too much work.

Sunday, December 24, 2017

A Christmas Bicycle Story from the 1950s


(Photo: Doug Barnes)

My brother Russ asks John the golden question, "What're you gettin' for Christmas?" It's just after Thanksgiving and Russ, John Gronski and I are just beginning to discuss the upcoming holidays. The setting is the 1950s in the small town of Uniontown, Pennsylvania.

This dialogue is a recollection of one cold Christmas day warmed by memories that I had almost forgotten. My brother Russ resurrected my memories about this act of friendship about 10 years ago and I enjoyed all over again the gift of giving a bicycle for Christmas in times that were less complicated than today.

Self assured, John says, "I'm gettin' a new bicycle." At 9 years old John is a constant companion at our house, coming early and staying late. He often joins us for lunch.

Wednesday, December 6, 2017

Gender Equity is an Issue for the Transform I-66 Trail Design

The main beneficiaries of the currently proposed Transform I-66 bicycle and pedestrian trail will be male bicyclists who feel comfortable riding near or in traffic. The Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) should build a trail that will be popular among a wider variety of bicyclists and pedestrians. This would then expand the benefits of Virginia’s investment in the trail.

Thursday, November 9, 2017

The Lost Benefits of the Transform I-66 Multi-Use Trail

The widening of the I-66 Corridor in Virginia just north and west of Washington, DC offers the rare opportunity to finance a state of the art bicycle and pedestrian trail for commuters interested in getting to work, for children going to school and for casual riders wanting to get from one neighborhood to another. The Transform I-66 project will cost the state and private investors $3 billion, so sufficient funds are available to have a state of the art bicycle facility that does not detract from the main goal of the project, which is to widen and improve the I-66 corridor outside of the Washington, DC beltway. Unfortunately, the design of many parts of the trail means that for bicyclists and pedestrians the project will not be transformative.

Wednesday, September 27, 2017

Restoring a Vintage 1983 Schwinn Le Tour


I sometimes scour the neighborhood garage sales for bikes. One Sunday I go out to look over some possible new arrivals. At one stop amidst the Wal-Mart and K-Mart kids bikes, I see a vintage champaign-colored Schwinn Le Tour covered with dirt and cobwebs. Under the dirt, this Made-in-America Schwinn road bike is in great condition. I surmise it had been ridden a few years during the bicycle boom and then stored in a garage. After inspecting the Le Tour, I also see that it has all its original parts. I know a bit of the history behind this bicycle, and I decide it's worth the time to restore the Le Tour to its original condition. Despite Schwinn’s reputation as a purveyor of sturdy children’s bikes, this Schwinn Le Tour was a high-quality road bike for its time.

Friday, September 1, 2017

The Legacy Trail Extension in Sarasota, Florida Will Be Worth nearly $200 Million

Recently I have completed a study of the costs and benefits of extending a new portion of a $58 million bicycle rails to trails project into downtown Sarasota, Florida. Despite high costs, this project—an extension of the existing Legacy Trail—is conservatively estimated to have just over $195 million of benefits for Sarasota County. This is an economic net gain of over $137 million for the county. The conclusion is that this public outlay for bicycle infrastructure should have benefits for Sarasota County that are well worth the investments.

Monday, August 7, 2017

Bicycle Climbing Lanes: Are They Useful Bicycle Infrastructure or Just Cheap?

Many cities are installing climbing lanes in an attempt to expand bicycle infrastructure. A climbing lane generally is a 5 foot wide painted lane beside a curb or parked cars for bicycles travelling uphill slower than normal traffic. Bicycles moving in the other direction (downhill) will be going faster, so they do not require a special lane. They can keep up with traffic and can share the lane with cars. This at least is the argument. The question is whether or not climbing lanes are useful for bicyclists or are they just a way for cities and municipalities to claim progress for improving bicycle infrastructure without serious investment?

Thursday, June 22, 2017

Experiencing My First Adult Bicycle Ride in India

To set the scene, I have just been dropped off by the Peace Corps at my new home in Satara, India. Satara is in western India about 150 miles (250 km) from Mumbai (Bombay at the time). To see the experience of arriving at my Peace Corps station the previous day, see my posting "Memories from India and acquiring my first adult bicycle." The year is 1969. For our transportation, the Peace Corps has given my roommate and me brand new made in India, English style roadster bicycles. My roommate and I set out to explore our Peace Corps home in Satara, Maharashtra.

Wednesday, May 24, 2017

Brooks C17 Cambium Bicycle Saddle Review

My bikes are not new, so I usually don’t do product reviews. My oldest bike is a 1971 Raleigh that I use for going to local stores or restaurants. Others are more recent including a 2001 road and a 2008 cross bicycle. Occasionally I do replace old components for new ones, but I prefer writing about bicycling experiences, infrastructure issues and policy rather than equipment. I also just like to ride a good bike without worrying about whether it has the latest or lightest components. My aversion for doing product reviews recently was softened when I replaced my venerable Brooks Team Professional saddle with a new Brooks Cambium.

Thursday, April 27, 2017

A Primer on the Value of Bicycle Trails and Greenways

During my early work years I commuted braving the streets of Washington, DC, weaving in and out of buses, cars and taxis. Then in the 1990s the Capital Crescent Trail was completed from Bethesda to Georgetown (see Tunnel image above). This meant that I could avoid traffic for 5 miles from my home to downtown Georgetown before riding the last mile on city streets to the World Bank.

Now that I am retired, I ride extensively and both for pleasure and fitness on the Capital Crescent Trail, the C&O Canal towpath in Washington, DC and the Legacy Trail in Venice and Sarasota Florida. My experience over many years--first adventure, then commuting and now riding for pleasure and health--is that these trails provide significant value in terms of safety, convenience and beauty. They also benefit the environment. I would definitely be willing to pay more in taxes for quality pedestrian and bicycle trails, not just for my own use, but also for the vibrancy they add to my community.

I am not alone. People generally think highly of bicycle and pedestrian trails. One survey in Florida finds that 95% of bicyclists and even 85% of non-bicyclists agreed that good facilities add value to their communities (Winters, Hagelin and Avery 2004). There are some good reasons for this. Trails encourage participation in healthy and enjoyable activities such as walking and riding a bike. Greenspace corridors with trails help the environment by providing habitat for local species and reducing water runoff. Tourists are attracted to bicycle byways resulting in local hotel stays and food purchases. If located in urban areas, trails with few road crossing become bicycle highways allowing locals to shed their cars and commute to work on bikes.

Trying to value of the benefits of such trails is difficult because in most cases no admission fees are charged for entering trails. Complicating matter even further, all bicycle trails are not created equal. For instance, the Pinellas Trail that starts in downtown St. Petersburg, Florida is a protected bike lane with no surrounding greenspace. The same trail changes dramatically over the course of the next 40 miles as it heads towards Tarpon Springs. The over 25 year old trail goes through parks and rises over busy highways on dedicated bridges. At points it has two paths, one for bicyclists and one for pedestrians. The Allegheny Passage is a 150 mile trail that runs from downtown Pittsburgh up and over the Allegheny Mountains and down into Cumberland Maryland. It changes from an urban trail to one that passes through some of the most beautiful scenery in the country.

The characteristics of the neighborhoods surrounding trails seem to make a big difference in terms their desirability and consequently their value (Nichols and Crompton 2005; Anderson and West 2006). Sometimes it is even necessary to evaluate separate parts of trails to accurately assess their economic and social benefits.

Because bicycles trails don’t charge fees, measuring the monetary value of a trail has to be done in more indirect ways. This isn’t a new issue in economics. There are some established economic techniques to measure the value of public trails (and roads and parks) which don’t charge admission.

Different Ways to Measure Benefits of Trails

Several studies have tackled the issue of how to measure the benefits of bicycle trails. One in particular stands out in providing a nice framework for measuring the benefits of bicycle and pedestrian trails (Lindsey et al. 2004). This study of trails in Indianapolis focuses on real estate values, but also describes other benefits of trails such as improved health, reduction in traffic, improvement in the environment and increased tourism (Table 1).
Not all benefits need to be measured in every single study. In fact, most academic studies concentrate on one or two benefit categories. Benefit consultant reports tend to be more comprehensive examining all the hardest to measure benefits. A good example is an economic report on the Miami Underline Trail that measures the monetary value of construction, park operations, existing real estate value and new development. The report also discussed tourism and environmental benefits, but it does not analyze them in detail.

A good strategy is to concentrate on the main expected benefits of a new trail given its location, quality and characteristics. A trail cutting through a wheat field is unlikely to raise real estate values, but a green corridor going through a residential area probably will have an impact. An urban path may bring more traffic to local businesses and may draw people out of their cars for commuting to work. The characteristics of trails along with their locations greatly impact which category of benefits are most important.

Surveys generally are necessary in order to quantify the benefits of trails. This might include a formal study of real estate prices, a survey of rider and pedestrians using the trail or interviews with local business owners concerning customers that come from the trail.

Caveats for Measuring Benefits of Trails

Care should be taken when using different techniques for measuring the benefits of trails and bike paths. Sometimes the techniques and measures overlap and this can result in double counting of benefits. For instance, the health benefits of trails may be the reason people desire to live near a trail. They want to be close to a trail to facilitate their exercise. Thus, the rise in real estate values may already reflect at least part of the health benefits of a trail.

Some methods for measuring trail benefits are easier than others. A number of data sources are available for measuring increases in real estate prices surrounding trails. This includes tax records and real estate pricing sites. However, modeling of the real estate prices is a bit complicated. To estimate the impact of trails on real estate prices it is necessary to control for such factors as size of home, number of rooms, number of bathrooms, quality of local schools and others variables that can impact price. Also, the price increase must specifically be attributed to the creation or existence of a trail. This can be measured either by examining the value of homes before and after the trail is built or through statistical techniques that control for factors that impact home values.

The increase in tourism generated by trails will result in additional local income. To get the details right, surveys are necessary to estimate spending due to a trail. This would involve estimating the addition number of hotel stays and spending on food. Questions are necessary identifying those who traveled from a distance to ride on the trail. It is not enough to just count trail users because many may be local riders.

The contingent valuation method listed the table is not easy to implement. Contingent valuation surveys show random samples of people different types of scenarios (pictures of before and after a trial such as figure 1). Then the same people are asked how much they would be willing to pay per year or month for the change. This sample also should have different strata for those who live near and distant from the trail or greenway corridor. The benefits can be estimated by the number of people that are represented by the sample.
Future Extension and Existing Legacy Trail, Sarasota Florida
(Photos: Doug Barnes and Cardno 2014)
The caveats are important, but they are not insurmountable. For each trail situation a good strategy is to identify the key benefits and then delve more deeply into them. For instance, a trail running through a suburban area is likely to have a significant impact on real estate values, but one running by forests or farmland probably will have marginal impact on land prices. A trail running through an already existing state park or forest area is likely to have little environmental impact, but one in an urban area may contribute significantly to reduced water runoff and species preservation.

In later posts I will be dealing more specifically with each of the benefits that can result from trials or greenways. This includes increase in real estate values, health benefits, business and tourism.

As the links become available I will post them here. In the meantime, you can sign up to receive of new post through the link at the bottom of this posts.

References

Anderson, Soren and Sarah West. 2006 “Open space, residential property values, and spatial context.Regional Science and Urban Economics. 36: 773–789.

Cardno, Inc. 2014. Legacy Trail Extension Feasibility Study, Sarasota, Florida. Report prepared for the Sarasota County government and financed by Friends of the Legacy Trail, Sarasota, Florida.

HR & A, Advisors, Inc. 2015. Creating Value Through Open Space: The Economic Impacts of The Underline. Report prepared for Friends of the Underline, Miami, Florida.

Lindsey G, J. Man, S. Payton, and K. Dickson. 2004. “Property values, recreation values, and urban greenways Journal of Parks and Recreation Administration 22(3):69–90.

Nichols, Sarah and John Crompton. 2005. “The impact of greenways on property values: Evidence from Austin, Texas.Journal of Leisure Research, vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 321-341.

Winters, P, C. Hagelin and J. Avery. 2004. Statewide Survey on Bicycle and Pedestrian Facilities. Report Prepared for Florida Department of Transportation Safety Office, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.

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Saturday, April 1, 2017

Memories from India and Acquiring My First Adult Bicycle


Most adults ride bicycles when they are in college and then never ride them afterwards. I did the reverse. I acquired my first adult bicycle just after college in of all places Satara, India, and have continued to ride them ever since. In 2011 I was reminded of my first adult bicycle experience when I attended an art exhibit called “Maximum India” at the Kennedy Center in Washington DC.

Interestingly, the Kennedy Center was designed by the same architect responsible for the "brand new" U.S. Embassy in New Delhi that had welcomed me as a Peace Corp Volunteer in India in 1969. The exhibition included many of India’s traditional bicycles performing a variety of economic tasks. These were mostly black, vintage, heavy, rugged English-style roadster models with fenders, common to India because of its colonial history.